Isotomus ha scritto:
La tassonomia dei Rhamnusium è una vexata quaestio
Come non darti ragione, Gianfranco.
In effetti, basta sfogliare qualche lavoro sui Cerambicidi, per rendersi conto di come la questione sia tutt'altro che chiarita e come i diversi punti di vista siano tuttora discordanti fra i vari specialisti.
Senza entrare nel merito, mi limito a riportare qui due esempi in questo senso, appena "ripescati" dal web, dove vengono riassunte le conclusioni più recenti e...divergenti.
Fonte 1:
Hervé BRUSTEL* (1), Pierre BERGER (2) & Christian COCQUEMPOT, 2002 - Catalogue des Vesperidae et des Cerambycidae de la faune de France (scaricabile
qui)
Rhamnusium Latreille, 1829
–
bicolor (Schrank, 1781) – R. virgo (Voet, 1778), présenté
comme synonyme valable de R. bicolor par Pesarini & Sabbadini
(1994), ne doit pas être retenu car la nomenclature binomiale
préconisée par l’article 5 du CINZ (1999) n’a pas été respectée
(Silfverberg 1977). Bense (1995) considère que R. graecum
Schaufuss, 1862 et R. gracilicorne Théry, 1894 sont de simples
variétés chromatiques de R. bicolor. Althoff & Danilevsky (1997)
maintiennent la validité des trois espèces. Le statut des taxa du
genre Rhamnusium Latreille, 1829 est sujet à controverses mais
nous rejoignons l’avis de Burakowski et al. (1990), de Bense
(1995) et de Matter (1998) qui considèrent que gracilicorne est
une simple variété de bicolor ou même un synonyme (Sama 2002)
dont la seule citation française est basée sur l’unique capture
strasbourgeoise de Klinzing en 1950 et que graecum n’a pas valeur
de sous-espèce comme le prétendent Sláma & Slámová (1996).
Nous suivons les conclusions de Bense (1995) qui, pour l’Europe,
valident seulement bicolor au niveau spécifique. Nous rappelons
que la variété bergeri Villiers, 1978, qui est en fait un nomen
nudum (CINZ art. 15.2), tombe de ce fait en synonymie avec
la variété gracilicorne (Berger 2000)
Fonte 2Dal sito
Cerambycidae. net di Mikhail Leontievitch Danilevsky
A check-list of Longicorn Beetles (Coleoptera, Cerambycoidea) of Europe.
Rhamnusium Latreille, 1829
bicolor (Schrank, 1781) ES FR IT ITI LJ CR BH SS AL KD GR BG RO HU CH AT CE SW DE BE NL LU PL FI EO LV LT BY UK ?UKC MD RSN RSC RSS KZ
= gracilicorne Théry, 1894
ssp. bicolor (Schrank, 1781) ES FR IT ITI LJ CR BH SS AL KD GR BG RO HU CH AT CE SW DE BE NL LU PL FI EO LV LT BY UK ?UKC MD RSN RSC RSS KZ
ssp. demaggii Tippmann, 1956 IT
graecum Schaufuss, 1862 IT GR TR
ssp. graecum Schaufuss, 1862 IT GR TR
ssp. italicum Müller, 1966 IT
testaceipenne Pic, 1897 UKC
= ? juglandis Fairmaire, 1866
Note
#4 Rhamnusium gracilicorne and Rh. bicolor were both described from Vienna environs and are usually regarded now as synonyms (all distinguishing characters listed by A.Villiers, 1978 seem to be wrong). The separation of two species were supported by Pesarini and Sabbadini (1994), who used the name Rh. virgo (Voet, 1778) = Rh. bicolor, on the base of the shape of temples and bicolored antennae.
All known to me Rh. testaceipenne (Crimea, W Caucasaus and Transcaucasia, Turkey) are uniformly orange. No specimens with dark elytra or partly darkened antennae are known to me from the area of Rh. testaceipenne.
Rhamnusium graecum is characterized by totally dark antennae (Plavilstshikov, 1936). The taxon is usually regarded to be distributed from Transcaucasia to Greece, including Turkey and Syria. It was recorded for south Italy (Basilicata) by G.Sama (1988), as Rh. graecum ssp. italicum Müller in Tassi, 1966. According to materials known to me all females of the species are always totally black-blue: one female from Nuha (Azerbajdzhan) in Plavilstshikov’s collection, Moscow; several females from Mazandaran (N Iran) in P.Kabatek’s collection, Prague; one female from Talysh (Azerbajdzhan) and one female from Megri (Armenia) – both in my collection. All males of the species are always totally orange (or antennae distally darkened): several males from from Mazandaran (N Iran) in P.Kabatek’s (Prague) and my collections; one male from Megri in my collection and one male from Talysh was known to me (now destroyed).
According to U.Bense (1995) Rh. bicolor = gracilicorne = graecum.
According to G.Sama (2002), “All these taxa [bicolor, ruficollis, juglandis (=testaceipenne), graecum] could be only geographic variations of one species;”.
Any way it is quite evident, that certain colour forms are geographically separated, so several more or less distinct subspecies exist. For example in the East Europe specimens with totally red antennae are dominant. The question of species level of certan geographical forms is open.
G.Sama (2002) supposed Rhamnusium juglandis Fairm., 1866 = Rh. testaceipenne Pic, 1897. According to N.N. Plavilstshikov (1936) var. juglandis is a red form of Rh. graecum.